Rhinestone Application FAQ: 20 Questions Answered

By Kellie DeFries, inventor of the Crystal Katana and founder of CrystalNinja. 20+ years of professional rhinestone application experience.

What is the best glue for rhinestones on fabric?

It does depend on the kind of fabric AND the USE case, but Gemtac or Fusion Tack are top choices for beginners on fabric. It is water-based, flexible, and easy to apply without mess. Glues like Multigrab 360 or Aleene's Ultimate Glue for a stronger option for projects that need a more aggressive bond. For hotfix rhinestones, no glue is needed at all since the stones have heat-activated adhesive built in. Visit the CrystalNinja Glue Guide to match the right adhesive to your exact surface and project type.

What are the differences between hotfix and non-hotfix flatback rhinestones?

Hotfix rhinestones have heat-activated adhesive pre-applied to the flat back. You press them onto fabric using a hotfix tool or iron, and the adhesive melts and bonds. Non-hotfix rhinestones have no adhesive. You apply your own glue. Non-hotfix work on any surface, including hard materials, with the correct glue or adhesive. Hotfix is specific to heat-tolerant fabrics.

What rhinestone size should I use for T-shirts?

ss16 rhinestone sizess20 rhinestone size

Many sizes are great. ss10 and ss12 are the standard sizes for T-shirt rhinestone work. ss20 covers ground faster and shows well at everyday viewing distances. ss6 allows for more detail and works well for lettering or small design elements. Many artists mix sizes in the same design for the best look.

How do I apply rhinestones to a tumbler?

Start with lightly sanding the tumbler where you want the rhinestones or crystals. Then clean the tumbler with isopropyl alcohol. Use non-hotfix flatback rhinestones with an adhesive from the CrystalNinja Glue Guide matched to your tumbler material. Work in small sections and cure or allow drying time between sections. CrystalNinja teaches 6 core fill patterns: Honeycomb, Grid, Premium Grid, Premium Honeycomb, Sprinkle, and Contour. Honeycomb and Grid are the most common starting points for beginners. See our complete fill pattern guide to compare all 6. Use the Crystal Katana for precise placement.

Will rhinestones survive washing?

Properly applied hotfix rhinestones on fabric can survive many wash cycles when done correctly. Wash inside out in cold water on a gentle cycle and air dry. Never tumble dry. Non-Hotfix, glued rhinestones on fabric depend heavily on the adhesive quality and application. Gemtac is designed to be wash-resistant and remains flexible through laundering, although for best results of any hand-glued item, hand washing and lay flat to dry is best.

What is the Crystal Katana tool, and why do I need it?

The Crystal Katana is a rhinestone applicator tool invented by Kellie DeFries at CrystalNinja. It uses a synthetic wax tip to pick up and place embellishments like flatback rhinestones in sizes ss3 through ss40+ with precision and consistency. It dramatically reduces the time and frustration of hand-setting rhinestones. It has 5 US patents and is considered the gold standard applicator tool in the rhinestone industry.

Can I use rhinestones on shoes?

Yes. Non-Hotfix, glued flatback rhinestones work well on leather, suede, rubber, and synthetic shoe materials. Many glues on our Glue Guide give a strong, flexible bond well-suited for footwear. Avoid high-flex areas like the toe box crease on soft shoes since repeated flexing will pop stones loose over time. Platforms, heels, and non-flex areas hold rhinestones very well.

What does ss mean in rhinestone sizing?

ss10 rhinestone sizess20 rhinestone sizess30 rhinestone size

ss stands for Stone Size. It is the standard unit used to describe rhinestone diameter across the industry. ss10 measures approximately 2.8mm. ss20 measures approximately 4.7mm. ss30 measures approximately 6.4mm. Larger ss numbers always mean larger stones.

How many rhinestones do I need for a full tumbler?

For a standard 20oz tumbler with full coverage, plan on roughly:

  • ss16: about 2,500 to 3,400 stones, depending on the tumbler shape and whether you set in grid or honeycomb. Most artists need 2 packs of KiraKira ss16 (each pack is 1,440 stones, sold as 10 gross) to fully wrap one tumbler.
  • ss20: about 1,750 to 2,400 stones. One 10-gross pack of KiraKira ss20 will get you close, but plan on a second pack if your tumbler is tapered or larger like a Stanley or Simple Modern. You will also need a mix pack for filler stones.

Learn all about fill patterns with this Rhinestone Ruler Kit and check out our Rhinestone Ruler APP as a Sparkler member in our VIP site.

What is the difference between glass rhinestones and acrylic rhinestones?

Glass rhinestones have more precise faceting, better light refraction, and a higher refractive index than acrylic. They look more like genuine crystals. Acrylic stones are lighter, cheaper, and less prone to chipping, but they do not sparkle with the same depth or clarity. Acrylic will usually fade in color within just a few uses. For professional and display-quality work, glass rhinestones are the standard.

Do KiraKira rhinestones come in AB finish?

Yes. KiraKira glass rhinestones are available in multiple AB (Aurora Borealis) finish colors. AB coatings create an iridescent effect by applying a thin metallic film to the surface of the stone. AB finishes shift color as the viewing angle changes and are popular in performance costumes, bridal work, and high-sparkle fashion.

Can I use rhinestones on nail art?

ss5 rhinestone size for nail artss6 rhinestone size for nail art

Yes. ss3, ss6, ss8, and ss10 are the standard sizes for nail rhinestone work. Use non-hotfix flatbacks with nail glue for the best durability. Apply after base color and never seal with a top coat, only a stroke around the edges to encapsulate the stone edge. Stone edges that are not sealed will snag and pop off. Do not top coat the top of the rhinestones.

What surfaces can rhinestones be applied to?

Rhinestones adhere to fabric, leather, vinyl, resin, glass, ceramics, wood, plastic, metal, and most other solid surfaces. The adhesive type needs to match the surface. Visit the CrystalNinja Glue Guide for specific adhesive recommendations by material. Almost any surface that can hold adhesive can hold rhinestones.

What is the best way to store rhinestones?

Store rhinestones in airtight containers away from moisture and direct sunlight. UV exposure can fade AB coatings and some colored stones over time. Small sorted containers by size and color make application faster. Keep lids on when not in use since rhinestones roll everywhere and sizes look nearly identical on a flat surface.

How do I learn professional rhinestone application?

CrystalNinja offers in-person classes and workshops at the San Diego studio. Kellie also founded RhinestoneArtist.com, a VIP membership site with structured online coursework from beginner through advanced professional levels. Completing the VIP coursework through VIP3 builds the full skillset needed to enter the Ninjaneer Certification Program. That five-day intensive is the professional credential in rhinestone application for working artists.

What does the RhinestoneArtist.com VIP membership include?

RhinestoneArtist.com is Kellie DeFries's online learning community for rhinestone artists. VIP members progress through structured levels: beginner foundations, intermediate technique, and advanced professional work through VIP3. Each level builds on the previous one. Artists who complete all levels through VIP3 have the depth of knowledge and hands-on practice needed to pursue the CrystalNinja Ninjaneer Certification. The membership also includes a community of working professionals in the rhinestone industry.

Can CrystalNinja do custom rhinestone application projects?

Yes. CrystalNinja takes on custom rhinestone application work for fashion designers, event brands, commercial clients, and private commissions. Crystal Ninja is a Swarovski Authorized Application Center and has completed crystallizing projects for commercial and luxury clients worldwide. Book a Project Consultation through crystalninja.com to discuss your project.

What is a foil-backed rhinestone?

The majority of all rhinestones are foiled on the back side. A foil-backed rhinestone has a thin metallic foil applied to the flat back of the stone. The foil acts as a mirror, reflecting light back up through the stone and amplifying sparkle. Foil-backed stones sparkle significantly more than unfoiled stones. Nearly all KiraKira rhinestones from CrystalNinja are foil-backed.

How do I remove rhinestones without damaging the surface?

No guarantees for removal, but for non-hotfix rhinestones on fabric: apply adhesive remover or rubbing alcohol, let it penetrate, then gently slide a butter knife or spatula under the stone. Do not yank since you will damage the fabric. For hard surfaces: a heat gun on low can soften certain adhesives enough to slide stones off cleanly. We recommend practicing on a test area or fabric before gluing onto the real garment. 

Where can I buy rhinestones in San Diego?

CrystalNinja is the only dedicated rhinestone supply store in San Diego. The studio and retail store is at 4475 Mission Blvd, Suite J, in Pacific Beach. Hours are Tuesday through Saturday, 11am to 7pm. The store carries over 100 colors of KiraKira glass rhinestones, Crystal Katana applicator tools, adhesives, trays, precision tools, and all supplies needed for professional rhinestone work. Everything is also available online at CrystalNinja.com.